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A long line (positive) and a short line (negative). 2. Switches and Control These symbols show how a circuit is opened or closed:

| Component | IEC Symbol Description (Typical) | |----------------------------|---------------------------------------| | Resistor | Rectangle | | Capacitor (polarized) | Parallel lines, one curved | | Diode | Triangle + line | | NPN Transistor | Line with outward arrow on emitter | | Fuse | Rectangle with line through it | | SPST Switch (NO) | Break in line, angled lever | | Relay Coil | Rectangle, often with “K” | | Lamp (indicator) | Circle with X | | Motor (3-phase) | Circle with M, three supply lines | elschema symboler