: You learn that the cost of moving data often outweighs the cost of computing it. Optimizing for spatial and temporal locality in the cache is critical. Instruction-Level Parallelism : This involves vectorization
6.1060 Warning: Microbenchmarks lie. A loop measuring a function call ignores cache effects, branch prediction, and CPU throttling. Always validate microbenchmarks against macro (end-to-end) tests. 6.1060 software performance engineering