Chronic neuroinflammation is central to AD. Reactive microglia release Cathepsin G, which not only degrades the extracellular matrix but also cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP) into pro-amyloidogenic fragments. An in the central nervous system could quell this cycle. Preclinical studies suggest that enhancing AACT function reduces neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal cultures exposed to inflammatory stimuli.