Astm E562-19e1 [portable] Info

: It can be applied to any solid material—not just metals—provided a clear 2D section can be prepared. Efficiency

The standard explicitly notes limitations: astm e562-19e1

ASTM E562-19e1 provides a procedure for estimating the volume fraction of a specific phase or constituent in a microstructure using a method. It is the manual counterpart to automated image analysis (covered by ASTM E1245) and is widely used in industries such as steel, aerospace, and failure analysis. : It can be applied to any solid

For each field ( i ), the point fraction ( P_i ) is: [ P_i = \frac\textPoints on phase\textTotal grid points per field ] The overall volume fraction ( V_v ) is: [ V_v = \frac\sum_i=1^n P_in ] where ( n ) = number of fields examined. astm e562-19e1