If slenderness ratio ( l_e / b < 15 ) (braced), column resists axial load and incidental moments. [ N = 0.4 f_cu A_c + 0.75 f_y A_sc ] Design often uses interaction diagrams from the code’s annexures.
When a beam is subjected to bending, the top fibers are in compression and the bottom fibers are in tension. Because concrete has low tensile strength, SANS 10100 assumes the concrete carries zero tension. The steel reinforcement handles the entire tensile force. reinforced concrete design to sans 10100
Many municipal approvals still reference SANS 10100-1 (old standard) for existing buildings or simple structures. Always confirm with your client and local authority. If slenderness ratio ( l_e / b <